The Enumerations package contains enumerations for various aspects of process information. A subtype of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByPhysicalProcess` where separation is based on mass transfer of material from a gas to a liquid. This type is also used to represent desorbing, where the mass transfer is from the liquid to the gas. A subtype of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByPhysicalProcess` where separation is based on mass transfer of material from a fluid to the surface of a solid. This type is also used to represent the reverse process, where the mass transfer is from the surface to the fluid. The pressing force required in the process. The rotational frequency of the process. A solids-processing process for :sp:element:`~Process.Process.IncreasingParticleSize` in which particles bind together and coalesce into larger particles, held together by relatively weak forces. See also :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Flocculating` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Pelletizing`. Note that :sp:element:`~!Process.Process.Pelletizing` is a subtype of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.FormingSolidMaterial`. The rotational frequency of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Agitating`. The shaft power demand of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Agitating`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStepDetail` provides shear forces to liquids in another process, with the purpose of mixing, increasing heat transfer rates or increasing mass transfer rates. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process is used to depressurise or blow down a process, removing the contents of a process rapidly and safely to prevent unsafe conditions or shut down the process. This process is usually realized as a set of blow-down or depressurisation valves. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingThermalEnergy` process vaporises a fluid. This process can be realized as a boiler, heat exchanger or fired heater. The process can also be used to represent the re-boiling subprocess in a distillation process. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InstrumentationActivity` calculates an output that is some mathematical function of the inputs. This is a parent type for specialized calculations with specific purposes. Multiplier in the ratio calculation. Offset added to the ratio calculation. The calculated ratio. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.CalculatingProcessVariable` process calculates an output signal that is the ratio of the two input signals. It can be used to specify and design ratio control functions. If the two input signals are Dividend and Divisor, then OutputValue = Gain * Dividend/Divisor + Offset . This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.CalculatingProcessVariable` process calculates two output signals so that a single input signal can be used to manipulate two control elements using a split range. It can be used to specify and design split range control functions. This is an :sp:element:`~Process.Process.IncreasingParticleSize` process in which small droplets of a liquid phase are made to coalesce into larger droplets, which can then be separated from the mixture. The display form for the composition: Fraction, Percent, or AbsoluteValue (mass or molar flow). Vector of mass flow rates for each component. Vector of mass fraction values for each component. Vector of mole flow rates for each component. Vector of mole fraction values for each component. This data item is an array of numbers that describe the chemical composition of a material. The order of items in the array is determined by the list of chemical components (:sp:element:`~Process.Process.ListOfMaterialComponents`) in the corresponding :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialTemplate` object (see :sp:element:`MaterialTemplate.ListOfComponents <Process.Process.MaterialTemplate.ListOfComponents>`). Note: ISO 15926 uses the concept of CONCENTRATION and does not model the concept of material composition as an attribute. Ratio between outlet and inlet absolute pressure. Compression method. Number of compressor stages of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Compressing`. The polytropic efficiency of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Compressing`. The polytropic head generated by the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Compressing`. The mechanical power consumption of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Compressing`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.GeneratingFlow` process represents compression of gases to increase pressure and generate a flow of gas. The physical principle used to compress the gas can be specified by selecting a value from the CompressionMethod enumeration. The height of the packing. The number of theoretical stages realised in the packing. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStepDetail` is used to represent a process carried out in a packed bed. Its role is to represent packing shown in process flow diagrams and to support the functional breakdown of complex processing systems. See also :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ContactingOnTray`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStepDetail` is used to represent a process carried out in an assembly of trays. Its role is to represent trays shown in process flow diagrams and to support the functional breakdown of complex processing systems. See also :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ContactingInPacking`. :sp:element:`Roles <Core.Role>` referenced via :sp:element:`PerformedRoles <Core.ConceptualObject.PerformedRoles>` should have one of the following :sp:element:`Names <Core.Role.Name>`: - Bottom - Feed - Monitored - Top This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InstrumentationActivity` represents a process control activity. A block of this type calculates the value of a manipulated variable so that a measured variable is held at a specified set point. The set point can be supplied as an external :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationFlow`. This process transmits a signal between two processes. In practices, this process is only used if there will be a need to invest in specialized equipment and facilities, or if the properties of the signal are different at the input and output of the process. Most signal connections are represented by :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationFlow` objects between :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationPort` instances. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.RemovingThermalEnergy` process has the purpose of reducing the enthalpy content of a material through heat exchange with the environment or a cooling medium. See also :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ExchangingThermalEnergy`, which can be used to model the same process in cases where the cooling medium system is defined. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ReducingParticleSize` process takes solid material and breaks it into smaller pieces by an externally applied mechanical force. See also :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Grinding` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Milling`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.IncreasingParticleSize` process is based on the formation of crystals from a feed fluid. This then allows the separation of the resulting solids from the liquid. Reference to project identifier or documentation. A :sp:element:`!~Process.Process.CustomMaterialComponent` defines a custom chemical compound used to specify the chemical composition of a material. These compounds are usually pseudocomponents that are used to simulate the thermodynamic properties of complex mixtures of organic compounds with high molecular weight. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ReducingParticleSize` process separates solid material into smaller parts using an edged implement or knife. Duty of the condenser. Reflux ratio. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByThermalProcess` process uses boiling, condensing and countercurrent contacting of liquid and vapour to separate chemical components with a difference in relative volatility. This supporting :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process is used to manage leakages and handle the emptying of a plant for maintenance. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingMechanicalEnergy` process uses an internal combustion engine as its source of energy. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingMechanicalEnergy` process uses an electric motor as its source of energy. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingMechanicalEnergy` process uses an turbine as its source of energy. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByThermalProcess` process removes moisture or liquids from a solid material, producing a solid product with a lower content of the liquid components. Current. Frequency of transmission (zero for DC). Number of phases (zero for DC). Voltage. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessConnection` that defines the flow of energy between two instances of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ElectricalEnergyPort`. This is used to model flows of electricity into out of the port. The form of electrical energy is defined by the properties of the object. An :sp:element:`~Process.Process.EnergyPort` that models the exchange of electrical energy between :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStep` objects. The form of electrical energy exchanged is defined by the values of the properties of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ElectricalEnergyFlow` into or out of the port. :sp:element:`Roles <Core.Role>` referenced via :sp:element:`PerformedRoles <Core.ConceptualObject.PerformedRoles>` should have one of the following :sp:element:`Names <Core.Role.Name>`: - Instrumentation - Power - Utility Mass flow rate. Volume flow rate. This type represents the destination for a flow out of a process that can be regarded as an emission to the environment. It can be used instead of a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Sink`. It is provided as a convenience for calculating emissions and sustainability calculations. Rate of energy flow for this connection. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessConnection` that defines the flow of energy between two instances of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.EnergyPort`. This is used to model flows of energy where the form of energy is unspecified. This type usually abstract and child types of this type are used to model energy flows with a specified form of energy. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Port` that models the transfer of energy, of whatever form, into our out of a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStep` object. This type is parent to specific port types that specify the form of energy exchanged. This type can be used to represent energy requirements where the type of energy is unspecified. In practice, this type is abstract, and the child types are used in modelling. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByThermalProcess` process applies thermal energy to drive off moisture or other volatile liquid as gas. This results in a vapour product and a more concentrated liquid or solid product. This process transfers thermal energy between two or more streams of material. This process is realized by a heat exchanger. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.FormingSolidMaterial` process takes solid material and forms it by forcing it through a specially designed opening, so that the material is given a specific shape. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process supplies material to a process at a controllable rate. This process can be used to represent solid feeding processes or dosing systems. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingMechanically` process separates solids from fluids by passing the fluid through a porous barrier. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingThermalEnergy` process represents the flare system in a process plant. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.IncreasingParticleSize` process produces larger particles, flocs, through aggregation and coalesence under the influence addition of surfactant chemicals. This process takes a material containing solids and forms the solid material into particles with specified sizes and shape. It is the parent type for :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Pelletizing` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Extruding`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingElectricalEnergy` process produces alternating current electrical energy from mechanical energy. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingElectricalEnergy` process produces alternating current electrical energy from mechanical energy. The mass flow rate of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.GeneratingFlow`. Pressure difference across process. This is a base type for processes with the purpose of generating flow and/or increasing pressure of a fluid stream. The child types are :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Pumping` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Compressing`. This process generates electricity using a fuel cell. This process produces steam for use in other processes. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ReducingParticleSize` process produces fine particles by abrasion of solid material. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingThermalEnergy` process increases the enthalpy content of one or more material streams through the application of electrical energy. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingThermalEnergy` process increases the enthalpy content of one or more material streams by passing them through a fired heater or furnace. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Mixing` process increases the water or liquid content of a material stream by mixing a feed with the water or liquid. Characteristic particle size for the feed. Characteristic particle size for the product. This process takes a material containing solids and performs an operation so that the solids have a larger particle size. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessConnection` that defines the flow of information between two instances of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationPort`. This is used to model signals and other information flows into out of the port. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Port` that models the transfer of information, of whatever form, into or out of a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStep` object. This type is used to represent control signals. :sp:element:`Roles <Core.Role>` referenced via :sp:element:`PerformedRoles <Core.ConceptualObject.PerformedRoles>` should have one of the following :sp:element:`Names <Core.Role.Name>`: - Feedback - Input - Output - Override - Setpoint This data structure is embedded in the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationFlow` object and can be configured to represent scalars and arrays of boolean, integer and real variables. This is the base type for control and instrumentation functions that are specified as part of the process design. An :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InstrumentationSystemActivity` is a collection of related :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InstrumentationActivity` instances that together perform a specified function. Thus a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MeasuringProcessVariable` and a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ControllingProcessVariable` activity can be grouped into a single :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InstrumentationSystemActivity` that represents the control loop. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Mixing` process produces a solid material as a uniform mass by mechanically folding, pressing and stretching of the material. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process is used to ensure that the flow of material remains below a specified value. This process is usually realized using a flow orifice. This is an ordered list of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.PureMaterialComponent` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.CustomMaterialComponent` objects. This is used in the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialTemplate` to determine the structure of composition vectors in the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Stream` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialStateType` objects. Descriptive text for the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialComponent`. Unique identifier for the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialComponent`. Display label for the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialComponent`. This is the base type to chemical components in the model. It is parent class for :sp:element:`~Process.Process.PureMaterialComponent` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.CustomMaterialComponent`. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Port` that models the transfer of material, of whatever form, into or out of a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStep` object. This type is used for flow of material: solids, liquids and gases. :sp:element:`Roles <Core.Role>` referenced via :sp:element:`PerformedRoles <Core.ConceptualObject.PerformedRoles>` should have one of the following :sp:element:`Names <Core.Role.Name>`: - Air - BottomProduct - ChemicalFeed - Discharge - Drain - Exhaust - Feed - Fuel - HeavyLiquid - Inlet - LeanSolvent - LightLiquid - Liquid - LiquidInlet - LiquidOutlet - Outlet - Product - Reboil - Reflux - Relief - RichSolvent - Sidedraw - Suction - TopProduct - Vapour - VapourInlet - VapourOutlet - Vent - Waste This data structure contains the properties for a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Stream`. It contains one or more :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialState` objects: one for the total properties and then one for each of the phases present. The :sp:element:`Composition <Process.Process.Composition>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialStateType`. This data structure represents the properties of a material or a single material phase. The :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialState` data structure for a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Stream` is built up of one or more of these data structures: one for the total properties and then one for each of the phases present. This data structure defines the structure of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Stream` objects that correspond to a specific type of material. This structure contains information about the thermodynamic model used to represent this type of material. It contains the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ListOfMaterialComponents`: pure and pseudo components used to represent the system. It also determines the legend for a stream table when the model is used to represent a Process Flow Diagram. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InstrumentationActivity` measures a process variable and supplies its value at an outlet :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationPort`. The measured variable is identified by reference to a parameter in any process step or port. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessConnection` that defines the flow of mechanical energy two instances of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MechanicalEnergyPort`. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Port` that models the transfer of mechanical energy into or out of a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStep` object. :sp:element:`Roles <Core.Role>` referenced via :sp:element:`PerformedRoles <Core.ConceptualObject.PerformedRoles>` should have one of the following :sp:element:`Names <Core.Role.Name>`: - Input - Output This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ReducingParticleSize` process divides solid material into smaller particles with precise sizes and shapes. This is the base class for processes that combine several flows of material into a single flow. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Mixing` process that simply combines one or more inlet flows into an outlet flow. This process step is used to represent converging branches of flows in a PFD or BFD. It is the counterpart of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Splitting`. This process takes a flow of material and processes it into packages that allow transport and distribution. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.FormingSolidMaterial` process takes solid material and forms it into, pellets, small particles of uniform size and shape. A port represents a transfer of material, energy or information into or out of a process step. It provides the anchor point for connecting two process steps to each other. The term is derived from SysML and IDEF0 representations of processes. Note that a port in DEXPI Process is a conceptual object. It represents a contract regarding the material, energy or information coming into or out of a process step. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process is used to ensure that a flow of material cannot be reversed. This process is used in safety design and is realized by a check valve or non-return valve. This data structure is the abstract parent for all connections between blocks in the DEXPI Process model. The :sp:element:`ProcessSteps <Process.Process.ProcessStep>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStep`. The :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStep` type is the parent type for all process steps in the model. This type is the parent type for processes that cannot be run independently of another process. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.GeneratingFlow` process represents transfer of mechanical energy to a liquid to increase pressure and generate a flow. The physical principle used to compress the gas can be specified by selecting a value from the :sp:element:`~Process.Enumerations.PumpingMethod` enumeration. A :sp:element:`!~Process.Process.PureMaterialComponent` represents a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialComponent` that is modelled as a pure chemical compound with defined composition and structure. This is used in the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialTemplate` to document the composition vector and define properties for use in the process. This process performs chemical reactions on material in order to produce products of value or to remove undesirable chemical compounds. Characteristic particle size for the feed. Mass flow rate through process. Power demand. Characteristic particle size for the product. A process where a solid material is broken down into particles with a smaller size. This is the parent class for :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Cutting`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Milling`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Crushing` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Grinding`. Closing time. Opening time. Pressure difference across process. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process where a flow of material is manipulated over a continuous range of values. The desired flow rate is supplied in the XG1 :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationPort`. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process where a flow of material is manipulated to ensure that the pressure in a system shall not exceed a specified value. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process where a flow of material is manipulated to ensure that the pressure in a system shall not become sub-atmospheric. A :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process where a flow of material is manipulated to ensure that the pressure in a system shall neither become sub-atmospheric nor exceed a specified value. This process removes enthalpy from a material in order to reduce temperature or change the state of the material. See also :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Cooling`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Mixing` process uses an externally powered rotating impeller to produce a homogeneous material. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InstrumentationActivity` selects a single input signal to be sent to the output signal. It can be used to model high select and low select functions. This is the base type for all processes where one or more feeds are transformed into streams of material, each with different intensive properties and chemical composition. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByPhaseSeparation` process where a fluid mixture is separated into a heavy phase and light phase through the external application of mechanical energy to produce centrifugal forces. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByPhysicalProcess` process where materials are brought into contact with each to transfer mass and energy. Characteristic particle size for separation. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByPhaseSeparation` process where a fluid mixture is separated into a heavy phase and light phase through the centrifugal forces generated by the flow of fluids through a cyclone arrangement. Characteristic particle size for separation. Electrical power demand. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Separating` process where a material mixture is separated by the application of an electrical or magnetic field. This type is parent to :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByElectrostaticForce` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByMagneticForce`. The rotational frequency of the process. The velocity of the process. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByElectromagneticForce` process where a material mixture is separated by the application of an electrostatic field. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByThermalProcess` process where a fluid mixture is separated into a vapour phase and a liquid phase in a vessel, usually after a sudden decrease in pressure. This is a single-stage process, unlike :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Distilling`. Characteristic density for separation. Characteristic particle size for separation. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByPhaseSeparation` process separates substances based on the influence of gravity on substances with different density or specific gravity. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByPhysicalProcess` is a reversible interchange of one kind of ion present on an insoluble solid with another of like charge present in a solution surrounding the solid with the reaction being used especially for softening or demineralizing water, the purification of chemicals, or the separation of substances. Intensity of the magnetic field. The rotational frequency of the process. The velocity of the process. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByElectromagneticForce` process where a material mixture is separated by the application of a magnetic field. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Separating` process where the materials form distinct phases, which can then be separated. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Separating` process uses a physical phenomenon, such as mass transfer, ion exchange or surface tension to separate materials. Its child types are :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByContact`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingByIonExchange`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Absorbing`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Adsorbing` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingBySurfaceTension`. Flow of frothing chemicals. Flow of frothing gas. Characteristic particle size for separation. Density of the pulp. Flow of surfactant chemicals. Volume of the process. pH for the process. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Separating` process where the materials are separated through a difference in surface forces between different liquid phases or between liquids and solid particles. Froth flotation is a typical process of this type. Duty of the process. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Separating` process where the materials are separated through the application of heat or thermal energy. This is a parent process where the materials are separated by a mechanical operation, such as :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Filtering`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Skimming` or :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Sieving`. Closing time. Opening time. Pressure difference across process. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SteeringFlow` process with the purpose of shutting off flow for operational and/or safety reasons. It is usually realized by an on-off valve. Mass flow rate through process. Characteristic particle size for separation. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingMechanically` processs for solids is based on particle size. Material is passed over a series of screens with a specified aperture size. Smaller particles pass through the screens, while larger particles remain on the screen. Reference to :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Source` object that represents the same flow. This type is used to represent a flow of material out of the process. It can be used to represent an outgoing off-page connector in a PFD or BFD. Mass flow rate through process. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SeparatingMechanically` process in which a lighter immiscible fluid, such as oil, is separated from a heaver fluid, such as water, by mechanical wiping of the surface of the heavier fluid. Reference to :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Sink` object that represents the same flow. This type is used to represent a flow of material into the process. It can be used to represent an incoming off-page connector in a PFD or BFD. This type is used to represent the splitting of a material or energy flow. This type is abstract, and the child types :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SplittingMaterial` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SplittingEnergy` are used in practice. This type is used to represent the splitting of an energy flow. The intensive properties of the flow remain the same, but the total amount of flow (power) is divided among the outlet ports. Mass flow rate through process. This process splits an incoming flow of material into two or more outgoing flows of material. The intensive properties of the material flows remain the same. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Distilling` process has the purpose of producing a stabilized liquid product by removing the volatile chemical compounds that would otherwise make the product unstable for transport or storage. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Mixing` process uses a stationary element in the flow of material to produce the necessary homogeneity in the material that comes out of the process. It is realized by a :sp:element:`~Plant.ProcessEquipment.StaticMixer`. Mass flow rate through process. Volume flow rate through process. The base type for processes that manipulate the rate of flow of material into and out of the process step. This process is usually realized using a valve. Child types of this type have been specified to support design of the process control and safety systems. This process step stores electrical energy. It can be connected to a charging flow of electricity and can also be used as a supplier of electrical energy to other process steps. The principle of storage is unspecified. The :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringInBattery` type can be used when a chemical battery is used as the storage system. The capacity of storage of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringEnergy`. The energy density of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringEnergy`. The mass specific energy of the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringEnergy`. An abstract process step that is the parent class for processes that store energy. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringMaterial` process accumulates fluids: gases and liquids. It can be connected to a filling flow of material and an optional emptying flow of material. In this way it can be used as supplier of material for other process steps. The principle and construction of the storage is unspecified. The sub-types of this type are differentiated according to whether the storage is pressurised or not. :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringInTank` is used for atmospheric storage of liquids, whereas :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringInPressureVessel` is used for storage of gases and fluids at above-atmospheric or sub-atmospheric pressure. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringElectricalEnergy` process step stores electrical energy in a battery. It can be connected to a charging flow of electricity and can also be used as a supplier of electrical energy to other process steps. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringFluids` process accumulates fluid materials in a :sp:element:`~Plant.ProcessEquipment.PressureVessel`. This process assumes atmospheric storage of the material at pressures above or below atmospheric pressure. Use :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringInTank` where fluid is stored at atmospheric conditions. It can be connected to a filling flow of material and an optional emptying flow of material. In this way it can be used as supplier of material for other process steps. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringSolids` process is realized by a :sp:element:`~Plant.ProcessEquipment.Silo`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringFluids` process accumulates fluid, solid or mixed materials in a :sp:element:`~Plant.ProcessEquipment.Tank`. This process assumes atmospheric storage of the material. Use :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringInPressureVessel` where fluid or gas is to be stored at above-atmospheric or sub-atmospheric conditions. It can be connected to a filling flow of material and an optional emptying flow of material. In this way it can be used as supplier of material for other process steps. Storage capacity of the storage process. An abstract process step that is the parent class for processes that accumulate material. It is often the intention of these steps that the accumulated material can be used as supply for other process steps. This process accumulates and stores mechanical energy. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.StoringMaterial` process accumulates solid material. It can be connected to a filling flow of material and an optional emptying flow of material. In this way it can be used as supplier of material for other process steps. The principle and construction of the storage is unspecified. This process accumulates and stores thermal energy for use in other processes. A calorifier is an example of this process in HVAC systems. This data structure defines the properties of a flow of fluid or solid material between two :sp:element:`~Process.Process.MaterialPort` objects. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Distilling` process has the purpose of removing volatile components from a fluid. This process is a source of electrical energy for use in other processes. This process is a source of energy for use in other processes. This process is a source of fluid materials (liquids, gases or multiphase mixtures) for use in other processes. Storage capacity of the supply process. Mass flow rate through the process. This process is a source of material for use in other processes. This process is a source of mechanical energy for use in other processes. It is the parent type for the :sp:element:`~Process.Process.DrivingByEngine`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.DrivingByMotor` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.DrivingByTurbine` types. This process is a source of solid material for use in other processes. This process is a source of thermal energy for use in other processes. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ProcessStepDetail` is used to specify a combustion process as a sub-process of some other process, such as a sub-type of :sp:element:`~Process.Process.SupplyingThermalEnergy`. This process is usually realized by one or more :sp:element:`~Plant.ProcessEquipment.Burner` components. This data structure defines the properties of a flow of heat or thermal energy between two :sp:element:`~Process.Process.ThermalEnergyPort` objects. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Port` that exchanges heat or thermal energy between processes. :sp:element:`Roles <Core.Role>` referenced via :sp:element:`PerformedRoles <Core.ConceptualObject.PerformedRoles>` should have one of the following :sp:element:`Names <Core.Role.Name>`: - Input - Output This process performs a specified mathematical transformation on one or more input variables to calculate one or more output variables. The input and output variables are :sp:element:`~Process.Process.InformationPort` objects owned by the type. This process transmits electrical energy between processes. Transport capacity. Efficiency of energy transportation. This process transmits energy between processes. This process moves fluids: gas, liquid or multiphase flows, between processes. It is also used to model distribution processes, such as steam supply systems, gas reticulation networks, cooling water systems and flare systems. Three child types are used to specify the realisation of this process, as the realization has implications for process design. The child types are :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingFluidsInChannel`, :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingFluidsInHose` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingFluidsInPipe`. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingFluids` process is realized by an open channel or drain. This type can be used to model open drain systems. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingFluids` process is realized by a flexible connector or hose. This type can be used to model hose or flexible piping systems. This :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingFluids` process is realized by a rigid connector, duct or pipe. This type can be used to pipeline systems, piping-based fluid distribution systems and ducting systems. Mass flowrate through the process. This process moves material between processes. Child types detail the kind of the transported material (fluid vs. solid). This :sp:name:`TransportingEnergy` process transmits mechanical energy (including rotational energy) between processes. This can be realized by a shaft. This process moves solid material between processes. Two child types are used to specify the realisation of this process, as the realization has implications for process design. The child types are :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingSolidsContinuously` and :sp:element:`~Process.Process.TransportingSolidsDiscontinuously`. This process moves solid material between processes using a continuous operation, such as a conveyor of various types. This process moves solid material between processes using a discontinuous or batch operation, such as a vehicle, container or crane. This :sp:name:`TransportingEnergy` process transmits thermal energy (including heat) between processes. This is different to a heat exchanging process step in the sense that the transporting thermal energy process step intends to preserve the transported energy between input and output. This is a :sp:element:`~Process.Process.Distilling` process that is conducted at sub-atmospheric pressures. The :sp:element:`InstrumentationSystemActivities <Process.Process.InstrumentationSystemActivity>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.ProcessModel`. The :sp:element:`ListsOfMaterialComponents <Process.Process.ListOfMaterialComponents>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.ProcessModel`. The :sp:element:`MaterialComponents <Process.Process.MaterialComponent>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.ProcessModel`. The :sp:element:`MaterialStates <Process.Process.MaterialState>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.ProcessModel`. The :sp:element:`MaterialTemplates <Process.Process.MaterialTemplate>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.ProcessModel`. The :sp:element:`ProcessConnections <Process.Process.ProcessConnection>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.ProcessModel`. The :sp:element:`ProcessSteps <Process.Process.ProcessStep>` of the :sp:element:`~Process.ProcessModel`. Types for the representation of chemical processes and associated graphical representations.